PSYC FPX 2900 Assessment 2 Features of Cluster B Personality Disorders

The following information illustrates a list of disorders that fall under Cluster B category. The first disorder listed is Antisocial Personality Disorder ASPD. Which demonstrates behaviors that consist of dangerous acts both to the individual & others (CITATION), e.g., the fictional character of Joker from Batman, who shows a lack of empathy, as well as aggressive & erratic behavior; e.g., laughing while committing crimes. Borderline Personality Disorder, or BPD, is a disorder in which individuals tend to have characteristics such as combative behaviors, separation anxiety or fear of being separated or forgotten & may experience an emphasis of suicidal ideation (CITATION). In other words, the individual equates a change in regular communication as not being loved or cared about, which results in the individual with the disorder thinking their life is not worth any value.

Histrionic Personality Disorder, or HPD, is characterized by egotistical behavior & a sense of shallowness regarding opinions (CITATION). e.g., individuals diagnosed with this disorder always want to one-up the other person by boasting about their intelligence & success. Narcissistic Personality Disorder, or NPD, is characterized by excessive attention-seeking, a feeling of being superior to others, a grandiose sense of self-worth, & extensive jealousy of others (CITATION). e.g., an individual who seeks to have their way, becoming verbally & physically aggressive toward others without considering how the choices will affect others physically & emotionally.

Personality Disorders: Obstacles in Treatment

ASPD: According to CITATION (2021), aggression can be an obstacle to treatment; i.e., the client becomes defensive during treatment & acts aggressively toward the therapist. BPD: An obstacle that could affect a person’s efficacy concerning BPD treatment could be the person not following through with a treatment plan (CITATION). When a person with BPD does not follow through with treatment, it may result in a continuous cycle of chronic issues (CITATION). HPD: When treating individuals with HPD, the challenge that may present itself is the denial of needing help unless the disorder impacts a relationship (CITATION). NPD: Similar to HPD, individuals with NPD may find treatment difficult & feel that nothing is wrong with them. However, unlike HPD, people with NPD are only concerned with the grandiosity of their self- worth & superiority (CITATION).

Personality Disorders: Development or Causes

ASPD: This disorder is developed or caused by abuse as a child, environment, or genetics. (CITATION). BPD: The causes of this disorder developing are genetically & through stresses incurred throughout childhood, i.e., sexual & or physical abuse (CITATION). HPD: This disorder can develop genetically or through the environment (CITATION). NPD: The environment in which a child grows can affect the development of NPD. In addition, genetics play a notable contribution to this disorder (CITATION).

Personality Disorders: Treatments

ASPD: These treatment methods are used, i.e., Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT); this method helps modify thought processes & change behavior. Contingency Management (CM), this method is utilized to modify behavior. Medication is also a consideration (Brazil et al., 2018). BPD: The information provided by NIH notates that individuals with BPD can receive adequate treatment in various ways. i.e., Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) & CBT; DBT is a treatment designed for individuals with BPD and is considered the most effective (NIH, 2022). HPD: Psychotherapy is considered an effective treatment (CITATION). In addition, individuals with NPD also benefit from Psychotherapy (CITATION).

References

Antisocial personality disorder. Antisocial Personality Disorder | MentalHealth.gov. (2022). from https://www.mentalhealth.gov/what-to-look-for/personality-disorders/antisocial- personality-disorder

Borderline personality disorder. Borderline Personality Disorder | MentalHealth.gov. (2022). from https://www.mentalhealth.gov/what-to-look-for/personality-disorders/borderline- personality-disorder

Borderline personality disorder. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2022). National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/borderline- personality-disorder

Brazil, I. A., van Dongen, J. D. M., Maes, J. H. R., Mars, R. B., & Baskin-Sommers, A. R. (2018). Classification and treatment of antisocial individuals: From behavior to biocognition. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 91, 259–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.10.010

Kacel, E. L., Ennis, N., & Pereira, D. B. (2017). Narcissistic personality disorder in Clinical Health Psychology Practice: Case studies of comorbid psychological distress and life- limiting illness. Behavioral Medicine, 43(3), 156–164. https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2017.1301875

Kopf, J., & Herron, K., (2021, April 16). Histrionic personality disorder treatment. The Recovery Village Drug and Alcohol Rehab. https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/histrionic-personality- disorder/treatment

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PSYC FPX 2900 Assessment 2 Features of Cluster B Personality Disorders

Larsen, R. J. & Buss, D. M. (2020). Personality psychology: Domains of knowledge about human nature (7th Edition). McGraw-Hill Higher Education
(US). https://capella.vitalsource.com/books/9781260839043

Pedersen, T., & Ditzell, J. (2021, March 29). What causes narcissistic personality disorder? Psych Central. https://psychcentral.com/disorders/what-causes-narcissistic-personality- disorder

Raypole, C. (2019). What is cognitive behavioral therapy? Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/cognitive-behavioral-therapy

Wint, C., & Legg, T. (2017, August 4). Histrionic personality disorder: Symptoms, causes, and more. Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/histrionic-personality-disorder

Zimmerman, M. (2021, April 18). Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) – psychiatric disorders. Merck Manuals Professional Edition. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/personality- disorders/antisocial-personality-disorder-aspd

PSYC FPX 2900 Assessment 2 Features of Cluster B Personality Disorders