The nursing metaparadigm is a framework that encompasses the central concepts and fundamental ideas of nursing practice. It consists of four essential components that guide the philosophy and approach to nursing care. These four metaparadigm concepts are:

1. Person (Patient): This component refers to the individual or group receiving nursing care. It encompasses the patient’s physical, emotional, social, cultural, and spiritual dimensions. Nurses consider each person’s unique needs, preferences, and experiences when providing care.
2. Environment: The environment encompasses the external factors and context in nursing care. It includes the physical surroundings, social and cultural influences, economic factors, and healthcare systems. Nurses consider how the environment affects the health and well-being of patients and adapt care accordingly.
3. Health: Health is a dynamic and holistic concept that goes beyond the absence of illness. It includes physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual well-being. Nurses promote health by providing preventive care, managing illnesses, and empowering patients to make informed decisions about their health.
4. Nursing: Nursing is the central focus of the metaparadigm and represents the nurse’s role, responsibilities, and actions. It involves assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating patient care. Nurses use their clinical expertise, critical thinking, and therapeutic communication to promote, maintain, and restore health in individuals, families, and communities.

These four metaparadigm concepts provide a comprehensive framework that guides nursing practice, education, research, and theory development. They emphasize the holistic and patient-centered nature of nursing care, highlighting the interconnectedness of the person, environment, health, and nursing role.